The Case Against Sugar by Gary Taubes

Author:Gary Taubes
Language: eng
Format: epub, azw3
Publisher: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group
Published: 2016-12-26T16:00:00+00:00

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*1 Much of the content in this chapter about the Sugar Association and its defense of sugar was first published as an article in the November–December 2012 issue of Mother Jones, which I co-authored with Cristin Kearns. Cristin unearthed all the sugar industry documents on which the article and this chapter rely.

*2 This study was completed in 1973 but not officially published until 1989, because, as the lead investigator told me, “We never saw the results that we thought we would.” This kind of selection bias was all too common in this research.

*3 This same comparison would be made by Campbell and others between the disease spectrum in black Africans and in blacks in the United States, who had been (forcibly) removed from Africa only a few hundred years earlier. The comparison strongly implied that something other than genetics was involved in these chronic diseases; some aspect of diet or lifestyle had to be triggering the disease that was present in the United States and relatively absent in Africa.

*4 In the United States, Ancel Keys and his colleagues at the University of Minnesota first fed high-sugar diets to middle-aged men and also reported that their cholesterol levels rose. Keys then repeated the studies with college students and reported that the sugar-rich diets seemed benign to them, reaffirming to Keys that he was right and Yudkin was wrong. But it is possible, if not likely, that men in their forties and fifties respond differently to sugar than they would have in their late teens and early twenties.

*5 These constraints included the limited amount of research, the “limitations of experimental designs,” “the tangled web of social consequences associated with the introduction or withdrawal of a commercially added food ingredient,” and “the continuous progression of scientific theories and empirical findings.”

*6 In May 1976, when the Public Relations Society of America awarded its Silver Anvil Award to the Sugar Association and Byoir and Associates for the advertising campaign in defense of sugar, the society emphasized the campaign’s “ability to stem the flow of reckless commentary” about sugar, and singled out the conclusions of the SCOGS report as an accomplishment that would make it “unlikely that sugar will be subject to legislative restriction in coming years.”

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